What type of radiation is used to kill microbes in fruit?
Alpha radiation
Beta radiation
Gamma radiation
What is radioactive powder being spilled onto clothing an example of?
Contamination
Irradiation
Penetration
During irradiation, what happens to the irradiated object?
It becomes radioactive
It does not become radioactive
Its atoms and molecules are not ionised
Why might a radioactive source be injected into a patient?
To find blockages in arteries
To kill bacteria
To produce X-ray photos
A radioactive isotope is injected so a patient’s kidneys can be investigated. What properties should the isotope have?
Alpha emitter, half-life of 10 days
Gamma emitter, half-life of 6 hours
Gamma emitter, half-life of 10 days
Which of these is a precaution to reduce exposure to radiation?
Holding the sources carefully
Keeping the sources as close as possible
Limiting the time spent being exposed
What is nuclear fission?
The splitting of an atom
The joining of two relatively small nuclei
The splitting of a relatively large nucleus
What is a chain reaction?
A reaction that causes a chain made from uranium to split
When atoms of uranium join together in a long chain
When neutrons from one reaction cause further reactions
What is nuclear fusion?
The joining of two smaller nuclei to form a larger nucleus
The joining of two atoms
Where does the energy come from in fusion reactions?
Violent chemical reactions
Electrostatic potential energy
Some of the mass converts to energy