What is variation controlled by?
Genes only
Genes and the environment
The environment only
What are sperm and egg cells also known as?
Haploid
Diploid
Tetraploid
What is fertilisation?
When an egg and sperm fuse
When an egg is released from the ovary
When a new body cell is created
Which two are examples of genetic variation?
Scars and gender
Height and natural eye colour
Natural eye colour and gender
What is a mutation?
When there is no change in the DNA
A change in a gene or chromosome
A harmful change that causes the genome to stop working
What type of change does the peppered moth show?
Natural selection
Selective breeding
Cloning
Why is selective breeding used with animals or plants?
This is a natural process that happens without human intervention
It allows organisms to be as genetically diverse as possible
It means that desirable characteristics that will be of benefit will only be selected, e.g. good quality meat.
What is genetic engineering?
All the genes are replaced in one organism with genes from another organism
It is when an unknown gene is inserted into a random location in the genome
The genome of one organism is altered, by adding a gene from another to create a desirable characteristic
What are clones?
Genetically identical to the parent cell
A mixture of both parent cells
A way to create lots of genetic variation within a population
How are animals cloned? - Higher
Cuttings and tissue culture
Embryo transplant and adult cell cloning
Embryo transplant and tissue culture