The expanding universe test questions

1

A jet aircraft engine emits a sound of frequency \(1.4 kHz\).

If the jet is travelling towards a stationary observer at \(240ms^{-1}\), calculate the frequency of the sound detected by the observer (speed of sound \(=340ms^{-1}\)).

2

A man standing at the side of the road hears the siren of an approaching fire engine. He hears a frequency of \(1.34 kHz\) (speed of sound \(=340ms^{-1}\)).

The siren on the fire engine has a frequency of \(1300Hz\). Calculate the speed of the fire engine.

3

A man standing at the side of the road hears the siren of an approaching fire engine. He hears a frequency of \(1.34 kHz\) (speed of sound \(=340ms^{-1}\)).

The siren on the fire engine has a frequency of \(1300Hz\). What frequency of sound would be heard as the fire engine moves away?

4

A distant star is travelling directly away from the Earth at a speed of \(2.3 \times 10^{7}ms^{-1}\).

Calculate the value of \(z\) for this star.

(Speed of light \(c=3 \times 10^{8}ms^{-1}\))

(Hubble's constant \(H_{0}=2.3 \times 10^{-18}s^{-1}\))

5

A distant star is travelling directly away from the Earth at a speed of \(2.3 \times 10^{7}ms^{-1}\).

A hydrogen line in the spectrum of light from this star is measured to be \(443 nm\).

Calculate the wavelength of this line when it is observed from a stationary hydrogen source on Earth.

6

An astronomer estimates the speed that a star is moving from the Earth to be \(1.9 \times 10^{8}ms^{-1}\).

Calculate the approximate distance, in metres of the star from the Earth.

7

What is the main evidence for dark energy?

8

Which of the curves in the diagram originates from the hottest star?

Curve A has highest intensity of radiation emitted and peaks with lowest frequency. B peaks at higher frequency than A, but at lower intensity. C peaks with highest frequency, but lowest intensity.

9

What radiation is evidence for the big bang?