Which of these statements is true about a specialised cell?
The cell has only the genes it needs for its function
The cell has a complete set of genes and all of these genes are expressed
The cell has a complete set of genes but only a fraction of these genes are expressed
Compared to DNA, RNA is what?
Single stranded, has ribose sugar instead of deoxyribose sugar, and has uracil instead of thymine bases
Single stranded, has deoxyribose sugar instead of ribose sugar, and has uracil instead of thymine bases
Single stranded, has ribose sugar instead of deoxyribose sugar, and has thymine instead of uracil bases
What type of RNA carries a copy of the genetic code from the nucleus to the ribosome for protein synthesis?
mRNA
tRNA
rRNA
What stage of protein synthesis occurs in the nucleus?
Formation of the final 3D protein shape
Translation
Transcription
What type of RNA together with proteins make up a ribosome?
What enzyme is required during transcription to unwind the double helix, break the hydrogen bonds between bases and then add RNA nucleotides by complementary base pairing?
DNA polymerase
RNA polymerase
Ligase
What parts are removed from the primary transcript when producing the mature RNA transcript?
Exons
Coding regions
Introns
The process of editing a primary transcript to produce a mature RNA transcript is called what?
RNA dicing
RNA primers
RNA splicing
What kind of bonds form between adjacent amino acids in protein synthesis at the ribosome?
Peptide
Hydrogen
Sugar-phosphate
Different proteins can be expressed from one gene as a result of what?
Alternative RNA splicing
DNA replication